Middle East Notes.
Zionism – The belief that the Jewish people should return to Zion, or the Land of Israel. Where the Jewish people are believed to have been created.
Levant – the Levant was the area around modern Syria and . The Treaty of Versailles greatly impacted the region. “Churchill’s hiccup” created great turmoil between religious groups in the different countries.
Balfour declaration – The Balfour declaration was a letter to a leader of the Jewish community that gave his and Britain’s support to them homeland of the Jewish people. The Jewish people rejoiced, the arabs hated it, the british laughed all the way home.
Sykes picot was America giving the Levant to Britain and France because they wanted to be in the league of nations, everyone hated this but those 3. Israel and Palestine were pissed, only benefitted America, Britain, and France.
The peel commission – A royal commission of inquiry to investigate the unrest in Palestine. The Jews and Arabs didn’t like each other, but the Arabs wouldn’t agree the partition that would separate the two groups. Arabs didn’t want to lose land. Britain decided that the Jews were helping out, and that the shortage of land was just Arabs multiplying too quickly and that was that.
White paper 1939 – the partitioning of Palestine was abandoned, however, the idea of an independent Palestine was proposed, and would be governed by the Jews. The white paper also set a limit on Jewish immigration. Britain introduced this because they knew the tensions between the Jews and Arabs would only get worse, and so they did the whole white paper thing. The Jews thought it sucked, because Hitler was killing them all in Germany, and now they couldn’t get away. Both the Jews and Palestinians thought it sucked. Arabs wanted the immigration to end completely, and Zionists rejected the paper and started attacking the Arabs for several months, ending in a strike. Jewish immigration ended, due to illegal immigrants. More Zionists began to rebel against Britain and plot the overthrow of the local government. They didn’t go through with it due to the heavy losses it would incur. Although the paper was vehemently rejected, after the war, all 34,000 remaining immigration requests were given a go ahead as soon as possible, which the Arabs hated. Palestine became overrun with Jews who fled from Europe and the camps. Eventually in 1946, the white paper’s legislation was removed.
World War 2 (1939-1945) – Vichy France took over the area of Syria and Lebanon, and was eventually removed by the Allies in the 1940s. However, most of the Middle East was under control of Britain. Fascist Italy declared war against France and Britain, and tried to capture the Levant area. The British Commonwealth eighth army crossed into the border from Libya, entering Tunisia. Arabs were on the Axis’ side, because they thought that a German victory would leave their land to them. Ultimately, this was not the case,
United Nations special committee on Palestine (1947) - formed due to intense hatred and tensions in the area between the Arabic population and the Jewish population. They are tasked with keeping the peace and working on solutions towards solving the Homeland VS Our land issue between Arabs and Jews. The UN decides to split it 50/50, and makes Jerusalem a No-Mans-Land. The Israeli people hate this, and make it well known, but the UN had no other way to fix it, so they left it be.
1948, British mandate ends – Israel is officially created, the new leader is David Ben Gurion (not very important). Flag of Israel is blue and white with the flag of David.
Israeli has mandatory conscription, 5 years as soon as you are old enough. This is because they are surrounded by people who hate them, and feel the need to protect themselves. Israel has flourished; there are terrorist attacks, politics of the past catching up to haunt the present. Politics are disjointed.
Gamal Nassur – Muslim
Wants to fix energy problems in Egypt. Major Public works, uses the USA and USSR for their money.
Aswan Dam is created with both US dollars, and Soviet Rubles. Suez Cana is owned by English and French corporations, and he wants to nationalize the Suez Canal, taking it for Egypt.
Hungary has uprisings, wanting the elections hat the Soviets promised, Nagy is the leader. Thousands of people are killed by tanks, and the world sees this and America loves it because of the bad rep for the Reds. The British, French, and Israeli people attack the Egypt, Israel wants a buffer zone in case Egypt wanted to invade them, and the British and French want the canal back. Attention comes off of Russia in Budapest, and they crush the rebellion, and now everyone gets mad at the west in Egypt. Canada comes into their place as a peace keeping nation, from Lester B. Pearson’s actions at the Suez Canal.
The Six day war, every country involved is on the losing side. America, Russia, Israeli, and Egypt all go to decide peace. Israeli bombs Egypt to take out their air force, and ruins the Egyptian army, takes over large portion of Middle East.
Levant – the Levant was the area around modern Syria and . The Treaty of Versailles greatly impacted the region. “Churchill’s hiccup” created great turmoil between religious groups in the different countries.
Balfour declaration – The Balfour declaration was a letter to a leader of the Jewish community that gave his and Britain’s support to them homeland of the Jewish people. The Jewish people rejoiced, the arabs hated it, the british laughed all the way home.
Sykes picot was America giving the Levant to Britain and France because they wanted to be in the league of nations, everyone hated this but those 3. Israel and Palestine were pissed, only benefitted America, Britain, and France.
The peel commission – A royal commission of inquiry to investigate the unrest in Palestine. The Jews and Arabs didn’t like each other, but the Arabs wouldn’t agree the partition that would separate the two groups. Arabs didn’t want to lose land. Britain decided that the Jews were helping out, and that the shortage of land was just Arabs multiplying too quickly and that was that.
White paper 1939 – the partitioning of Palestine was abandoned, however, the idea of an independent Palestine was proposed, and would be governed by the Jews. The white paper also set a limit on Jewish immigration. Britain introduced this because they knew the tensions between the Jews and Arabs would only get worse, and so they did the whole white paper thing. The Jews thought it sucked, because Hitler was killing them all in Germany, and now they couldn’t get away. Both the Jews and Palestinians thought it sucked. Arabs wanted the immigration to end completely, and Zionists rejected the paper and started attacking the Arabs for several months, ending in a strike. Jewish immigration ended, due to illegal immigrants. More Zionists began to rebel against Britain and plot the overthrow of the local government. They didn’t go through with it due to the heavy losses it would incur. Although the paper was vehemently rejected, after the war, all 34,000 remaining immigration requests were given a go ahead as soon as possible, which the Arabs hated. Palestine became overrun with Jews who fled from Europe and the camps. Eventually in 1946, the white paper’s legislation was removed.
World War 2 (1939-1945) – Vichy France took over the area of Syria and Lebanon, and was eventually removed by the Allies in the 1940s. However, most of the Middle East was under control of Britain. Fascist Italy declared war against France and Britain, and tried to capture the Levant area. The British Commonwealth eighth army crossed into the border from Libya, entering Tunisia. Arabs were on the Axis’ side, because they thought that a German victory would leave their land to them. Ultimately, this was not the case,
United Nations special committee on Palestine (1947) - formed due to intense hatred and tensions in the area between the Arabic population and the Jewish population. They are tasked with keeping the peace and working on solutions towards solving the Homeland VS Our land issue between Arabs and Jews. The UN decides to split it 50/50, and makes Jerusalem a No-Mans-Land. The Israeli people hate this, and make it well known, but the UN had no other way to fix it, so they left it be.
1948, British mandate ends – Israel is officially created, the new leader is David Ben Gurion (not very important). Flag of Israel is blue and white with the flag of David.
Israeli has mandatory conscription, 5 years as soon as you are old enough. This is because they are surrounded by people who hate them, and feel the need to protect themselves. Israel has flourished; there are terrorist attacks, politics of the past catching up to haunt the present. Politics are disjointed.
Gamal Nassur – Muslim
Wants to fix energy problems in Egypt. Major Public works, uses the USA and USSR for their money.
Aswan Dam is created with both US dollars, and Soviet Rubles. Suez Cana is owned by English and French corporations, and he wants to nationalize the Suez Canal, taking it for Egypt.
Hungary has uprisings, wanting the elections hat the Soviets promised, Nagy is the leader. Thousands of people are killed by tanks, and the world sees this and America loves it because of the bad rep for the Reds. The British, French, and Israeli people attack the Egypt, Israel wants a buffer zone in case Egypt wanted to invade them, and the British and French want the canal back. Attention comes off of Russia in Budapest, and they crush the rebellion, and now everyone gets mad at the west in Egypt. Canada comes into their place as a peace keeping nation, from Lester B. Pearson’s actions at the Suez Canal.
The Six day war, every country involved is on the losing side. America, Russia, Israeli, and Egypt all go to decide peace. Israeli bombs Egypt to take out their air force, and ruins the Egyptian army, takes over large portion of Middle East.
3...2...1...
Volatile, misunderstood, divided.
How would the Middle East have been different today, had it not been so rich in oil?
Why has Israel been seen as the oppressed in the situation? Western Propaganda?
Treading on thin ice - Being in a potentially hazardous situation.
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